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Eye Disease Facts for Health Professionals
Astigmatism is a common type of refractive error.
It is a condition in which the eye does not focus
light evenly onto the retina, the light-sensitive
tissue at the back of the eye.
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AMD is a leading cause of blindness in the United
States. The macula, which is in the back of the eye,
controls our sharp, central vision. For some people
with AMD, the macula gets weak slowly, with gradual
vision loss, while for others with AMD, the growth of
abnormal blood vessels causing blood and fluid leakage
can lead to sudden vision loss in one or both eyes.
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It is a group of eye problems that people with diabetes may get. All of these eye problems can lead to vision loss or blindness. Here are some of these eye problems:
- Diabetic retinopathy—Causes harm to the blood vessels in the retina. The retina is the layer of tissue in the back of the eye that is sensitive to light.
- Cataract—Causes your eye lens to get cloudy.
- Glaucoma—Causes damage to the optic nerve that can lead to vision loss.
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When the lens of your eye gets cloudy, it is called a
cataract. It can cause vision loss in one or both eyes.
It cannot spread from one eye to the other.
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Glaucoma is a group of diseases that can harm the
optic nerve and cause vision loss or blindness. The
optic nerve is a bundle of nerves that carry messages
from the eye to the brain. The most common form
of glaucoma is primary open-angle, which this
informational flyer is about.
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Diabetic eye disease refers to a group of eye problems people with diabetes may face as a complication of this disease, which can lead to vision loss and blindness. These include—
- Cataract: Clouding of the lens of the eye
- Diabetic retinopathy: Damage to the blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue in the back of the eye
- Glaucoma: Increase in fluid pressure inside the eye that leads to optic nerve damage and loss of vision To help prevent vision loss and blindness, it’s important for people with diabetes to have a comprehensive dilated eye exam at least once a year to detect diabetic eye disease early and to keep their diabetes under control.
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Farsightedness, also known as hyperopia, is a
common type of refractive error where distant
objects may be seen more clearly than objects
that are near. However, people experience
farsightedness differently. Some people may not
notice any problems with their vision, especially
when they are young. For people with significant
farsightedness, vision can be blurry for objects at
any distance, near or far.
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Nearsightedness, also known as myopia, is a
common type of refractive error where close objects
appear clearly, but distant objects appear blurry.
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Refractive errors occur when the shape of the eye
prevents light from focusing directly on the retina.
The length of the eyeball (longer or shorter),
changes in the shape of the cornea, or aging of
the lens can all cause refractive errors.
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Presbyopia is a common type of vision disorder
that occurs as you age. It is often referred to as
the aging eye condition. Presbyopia results in the
inability to focus up close, a problem associated
with refraction in the eye.
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Perhaps you have just learned that you or a loved one has age-related macular degeneration, also known as AMD. If you are like many people, you probably do not know a lot about the condition or understand what is going on inside your eyes. This booklet will give you a general overview of AMD.
This booklet is for people with glaucoma and their families and friends. It provides information about open-angle glaucoma, the most common form of glaucoma. This booklet answers questions about the causes and symptoms of this disease and discusses diagnosis and types of treatment.
